Category: All things Tech

 

Are You Ready to Start a Successful Career as a Full Stack Developer?  

Why Choose a Full Stack Developer as a Career?  

1. Versatility in a Changing Landscape 
2. Skill Set on Demand  
3. Project Development Efficiency  
4. Holistic System Understanding  
5. Entrepreneurial Possibilities  
6. Adaptation and Continuous Learning  
7. Competitive Salaries  
8. Access to the Global Job Market  

What Are the Skills Required for a Full Stack Developer?  

1. Development of the Front End  
2. Development of the Back End 
3. Version Management  
4. Server Configuration
5. Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) 
6. Authentication and Authorizaton  
7. Security Best Practices  
8. Testing and Debugging  
9. Communication and Interpersonal Skills  

Roles & Responsibilities of a Full Stack Developer  

Career Scope of Full Stack Developer 

1. Ocean of Opportunities 
2. Pay Scale 
3. Job Satisfaction 
4. Freelance Opportunities  

Embrace the Full Spectrum: Formulating a Fulfilling Career as a Full Stack Developer 

FAQs  

1. Is a full-stack developer a good career choice?  
2. How do I become a successful full-stack developer?  
3. Should I learn full stack or Python?  
4. Will AI replace full-stack developers?  
5. Is Python full-stack in demand?  

 

In 2023, the demand for full stack developers in the tech industry continues to increase. Businesses desire workers with a wide range of skills who can handle all layers of web applications. This is a fantastic opportunity for individuals to advance their careers in the digital realm. Enrolling in the best full stack development course gives them in-demand abilities, paving the way for many high-paying career opportunities.

 

This blog will discuss the key skills, roles and responsibilities, and other critical areas to help you navigate your career path as a  full stack developer.

 

Why Choose a Full Stack Developer as a Career? 

Here are some of the major factors for how obtaining a full stack web development course with certification could end up transforming your career:

 

1. Versatility in a Changing Landscape

Full stack developers can handle front-end and back-end responsibilities, making them invaluable development team members. The capacity to move between multiple technologies fluidly ensures versatility and agility in an ever-changing digital industry.

 

2. Skill Set on Demand 

Full stack developers are in high demand as firms seek individuals who can contribute comprehensively to project development. The full stack web development course offers skill flexibility that correlates to greater employability and a broader range of job alternatives.

 

3. Project Development Efficiency

 A full stack developer simplifies the development process by removing team communication obstacles. This efficiency leads to speedier project completion, which is critical in today’s competitive industry.

 

4. Holistic System Understanding 

A full stack developer holds vast knowledge from user interfaces to server-side logic, allowing them to understand the comprehensive development stack. This depth of knowledge promotes creativity and problem-solving.

 

5. Entrepreneurial Possibilities

As a full stack developer, you can build whole web apps from the ground up. This competence enables you to develop your ideas into fully functional goods, opening the door to entrepreneurial initiatives.

 

6. Adaptation and Continuous Learning 

The full stack development is a dynamic sector that seeks professionals who stay current on the latest technologies and frameworks. This ongoing learning process ensures that a career is both demanding and highly interesting.

 

7. Competitive Salaries

Businesses benefit greatly from their ability to add value to many aspects of a project. Due to the unique blend of skills a full stack developer brings, they get rewards in the form of high salaries. 

 

8. Access to the Global Job Market

A full stack developer’s abilities are widely relevant, enabling access to work prospects worldwide. This global reach increases job mobility and the opportunity to work on various projects.

 

Also Read : How to Become a Full Stack Developer: Required Skills and Responsibilities

 

What Are the Skills Required for a Full Stack Developer?

Enrolling in the full stack developer course with placement will provide you with the following valuable skills:

 

1. Development of the Front End 

A  full stack developer course with placement offers an in-depth understanding of the fundamentals of web programming, including HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, to structure, style, and interact with data. You can create responsive webpages that automatically adjust to different screen sizes and devices.

 

2. Development of the Back End 

In the full stack web development course, you will learn a server-side language (Node.js, Python, Ruby, or PHP) to handle server logic. You will be able to Connect to MySQL, PostgreSQL, and MongoDB databases to store, retrieve, and manage data effectively.

 

3. Version Management 

In this course, you will learn version control to track code changes easily, collaborate with developers, and manage various project versions.

 

4. Server Configuration 

The full stack web development course will teach you how to configure and manage servers, whether traditional setups like Apache and Nginx or cloud platforms like AWS and Heroku.

 

5. Application Programming Interfaces (APIs)

By obtaining the full stack web development course, you will gain the skill to build and use APIs to enable your applications to interact with external services and resources.

 

6. Authentication and Authorization 

Also, a full stack web development course enables you to use OAuth or JWT (JSON Web Tokens) to implement secure login systems. You will create user roles to limit access to specific features or resources.

 

7. Security Best Practices 

The full stack web development course with certification enables the understanding and implementation of measures to safeguard online applications against typical shortcomings, assuring the resilience of your generated systems.

 

8. Testing and Debugging 

To ensure the dependability of your code, you will master the technique of developing and running unit tests with the full stack web development course. You will better understand the efficient troubleshooting procedures and debugging tools.

 

9. Communication and Interpersonal Skills 

You will develop the necessary practical communication skills for communicating with developers, designers, and stakeholders. The full stack web development course helps you improve your project management skills to ensure a seamless workflow and on-time delivery.

 

Read More : Top 6 Skills Required to become Full Stack Developer

Roles & Responsibilities of a Full Stack Developer 

In recent years, almost every large and small business has seen a surge in full stack development. The responsibilities of a full stack developer may vary depending on the specific project and organisation they work for, but generally include:  

 

• Developing and maintaining web applications that meet the client’s requirements.
• Collaborating with designers and other developers to build a user-friendly interface.
• Designing and developing the back-end architecture of the application, including server-side scripting and database management.
• Test and debug the application to ensure its stability, security, and optimal performance.
• Deploy the application to the production environment.
• Continuously improving the application based on feedback from users and stakeholders.
• Staying up-to-date with new technologies and trends in the industry.

Career Scope of Full Stack Developer 

The career scope after completing a full stack developer course is currently very promising. It is expected to continue to grow in recent years because of this trend toward cross-platform development and the growth of cloud computing. Let’s get a statistics report of its lucrative career in the near future:  

 

1. Ocean of Opportunities 

Right from satellites in space to the mobile phones in our hands, the world has become technology-driven. With the enormous expansion of social media platforms and digitally driven businesses, the demand for such stack developers will keep on rising in the upcoming years. 

Specialized engineering roles occupy the 5th position in LinkedIn’s 2021 Emerging Jobs Report (India). Being the second fastest in digital adoption, India’s status as a world leader in technology is well established now, and the number of full stack developer positions has increased by more than 30%.  

 

2. Pay Scale 

India is considered one of the highest-paying jobs for full stack developers, with an average salary of 9.5 LPA. The pay would vary according to experience, employment location, firm size, etc. 

With experience, one can earn between 16-20 LPA. They can easily handle the work of 2-3 developers with their expertise in multiple areas and certification in full stack development course, thereby facilitating the formation of small teams, reducing communication gaps, and lowering operational expenses.  

 

3. Job Satisfaction 

The job satisfaction rating of a full stack developer is 4 out of 5. They have numerous perks and higher job satisfaction because of their versatility and expertise on both sides of the spectrum. By offering one of the highest salary packages and career flexibility, this career path ultimately results in job satisfaction. Full stack developers can work in their preferred sector, as they know about several software development aspects. Most projects can be executed from home, enabling them to manage their work-life balance too.  

 

4. Freelance Opportunities 

Persons having such competencies and obtained full stack development course is well-spent with job opportunities as businesses rely on them for a swift transition to the digital landscape. 

When it comes to freelancing, they aren’t left empty-handed. Several companies hire freelance full-stack developers on a contract basis or without one. The remuneration varies according to the experience and skills of a developer.

 

Embrace the Full Spectrum: Formulating a Fulfilling Career as a Full Stack Developer 

Choosing a career as a full stack developer is getting access to a world of limitless possibilities in the constantly evolving realm of technology. A full stack developer job is at the forefront of innovation due to their versatility, in-demand skills, and holistic systems understanding. 

 

Aside from an attractive salary package and global prospects, this career provides ongoing learning and the opportunity to shape the digital future. By pursuing a full stack developer course with placement, you can embrace the exciting voyage in the full stack development world. 

 

Enroll in the best full stack developer course to open the door to a potential of creativity, versatility, and rewarding opportunities for professional development. Visit upGrad Campus today to start your transforming career-building experience.

 

Also Watch : https://youtu.be/CGSVdaKrwHQ?si=83HrKkG0UmQa3vDG

 

FAQs 

 

1. Is becoming a full-stack developer a good career choice? 

Indeed, full stack development is a rewarding professional path. Understanding both front-end and back-end technologies makes you a flexible professional in the ever-changing technology business. Full Stack Developers are in high demand, with a wide range of employment prospects and competitive pay.

 

2. How do I become a successful full-stack developer? 

You should enroll in the best full-stack development course to achieve success as a full-stack developer. You will learn the skills you need to prosper in the ever-changing world of technology and access profitable opportunities.

 

3. Should I learn full stack or Python? 

You can choose between Python and Full Stack, depending on your career goals. Choose Full Stack if you want to be a well-rounded developer who can handle both front-end and back-end responsibilities. Python is an ideal option if you want to focus on adaptable programming. 

 

4. Will AI replace full-stack developers?

No, AI will not take the place of full stack developers. While AI can help with some development elements, a full stack developer’s work requires creativity, problem-solving, and knowledge of the full development stack. While AI can help with workflow, human experience necessitates creating, deploying, and optimising complex online applications.

 

5. Is Python full-stack in demand? 

Yes, Python is popular for back-end programming due to its adaptability, readability, and broad library support. Learning Python as part of full stack development provides a robust toolkit, improving your career chances and fulfilling industry demands.

Also Read : The Role of Full Stack Development in E-commerce

Table of Contents

1. Roles of a Full Stack Developer
   i) Front-end Programming Languages
   ii)Back-end Programming Languages
   iii) Databases
2. What comes under Full Stack Development?
   i) MERN Stack
   ii) LAMP Stack
   iii) MEAN Stack
3. How to become a Full Stack Developer?
   i) Full-Stack Developer Internship
   ii) Full-Stack Developer Bootcamp
   iii) Full-Stack Developer Certificate

Conclusion

Close your eyes and imagine your favourite app. 

Which was it? Swiggy? Spotify? Instagram? 

Now imagine how amazing it would be to build one of your own. 

If you’re stoked by the idea, then Full Stack Developer is definitely the career path for you. In this blog, we will discuss the step-by-step guide on how to become a Full Stack Developer, starting with what is a Full Stack Developer’s role, what to learn to become a Full Stack Developer, and finally the road to Full Stack Developer career.

Who is a full stack developer?

When you navigate easily through a website or see those interactive designs on apps, a Full Stack Developer is at work to make every experience easy for you. Before we learn how, let us first understand what “full-stack” means.

“Full-stack” refers to technologies and products that form the technical ecosystem needed to build and operate the application. A stack typically includes a database, an application framework, a runtime platform and client-side web application framework. Each of those components are crucial to getting a web application working. 

A Full Stack Developer must be able to handle all the components of a stack to ensure they work together efficiently. They must able to work on:

1. Front-end Programming Languages
   This is the interface of the application that is visible to the user. It includes the GUI (graphical user interface), navigation menu, the text that appears, images, videos, autoplays, etc. The languages used in the frontend are HTML, CSS, Javascript, etc.
2.  Back-end Programming Languages
   
   This is the actual functionality of the application, which includes fetching data from the server/database and performing certain actions (like booking an order, playing a song, etc.). The languages used in the backend are Java, .Net, Python, etc.
3. Database
   
   This is where the data is actually stored, and it is the Full Stack Developer’s responsibility to ensure that the right data is being fetched/displayed/updated correctly even when multiple users are trying to access it.

Since a Full Stack Developer needs a variety of skills, they are in high demand and are one of the most well-paid professionals today.

What should I learn for Full Stack Web Development?

As discussed earlier, a Full Stack Developer must have the working knowledge of the stack. There are a variety of full-stacks in the market today:

• MERN Stack
  • MongoDB
  • Express.js
  • React.js
  • Node.js
•  LAMP Stack
  • Linux
  • Apache
  • MySQL
  • PHP
•  MEAN Stack
  • MongoDB
  • Express.js
  • Angular.js
  • Node.js

One of the most widely used stacks in most organisations and highly recommended to learn is the MERN stack.

As shown above, the MERN stack includes:

MongoDB

MongoDB is an open-source document-oriented database that is designed to store a large scale of data and also allows you to work with that data very efficiently.

Express.js

Express.js, or simply Express, is a back-end web application framework for Node.js. It is designed for building web applications and APIs.

React.js

React.js is an open-source Javascript framework for building interactive user interfaces and web applications more quickly and efficiently than you would with plain JavaScript.

Node.js

Node.js is an open-source, cross-platform, back-end JavaScript runtime environment that lets developers use JavaScript to write command line tools and for server-side scripting (back-end).
In order to work on the MERN stack, a full stack web developer must also know these programming languages:

Java

Java is an object oriented programming language extensively used to develop mobile apps, web apps, desktop apps and more.

HTML

The HyperText Markup Language, or HTML is the standard markup language to structure web content through headings, sub-headings, paragraphs and more.

CSS

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language used to apply styling rules to HTML content; for example – font, background colour, and more.

JavaScript

JavaScript is a scripting language that lets you control multimedia, animate images and implement dynamic behaviour on the client side (front-end).

Now that you know which are the required skills to become a Full Stack Developer, let us see how you can acquire them.

How to become a Full Stack Developer?

Now that you know about the most important skills for a full stack web developer, let us see how you can acquire those skills:

Full-Stack Developer Internship

If you have a decent knowledge of even one of the main programming languages (Java/C/C++/Python), you can start your career as a Full Stack Development intern, and pick up working knowledge of the other skills. There are many companies that offer internship opportunities. But if you’re struggling to find one, you can always sign up for upGrad Campus’s Internship Plus program which provides you 3 assured internship opportunities with their hiring partner.

Full-Stack Developer Bootcamp

There are many online bootcamps available that equip you with the programming skills you need as a beginner. There are bootcamps designed for specific skills like Java bootcamp, React.js bootcamp, etc. Before you select a bootcamp, make sure to pick the one that gives you hands-on experience in the same.

 Full-Stack Developer Certificate

This is one of the most effective ways to kickstart a career in Full Stack Development. A Full-Stack Developer Certificate gives you the right skills with hands-on practice, showcases your knowledge to recruiters and builds a project portfolio for you. One such example is upGrad Campus’s Full Stack Development Course. This course covers all the skills listed above and more. The entire curriculum is designed for beginners, so you need not have any coding background to take up this course. You will get plenty of hands-on experience with assignments, bootcamps, hackathons and 6+ projects.

Conclusion

We hope that this article clarifies all your doubts and apprehensions on becoming a Full Stack Developer. As you can see, all you need are the right skills and there is no one way of acquiring them. Pick an option that works for you, invest 6 months and build your dream app for your dream company!

Table of Contents

What does a Full Stack Developer do?

What is Front-end Development?

What is Back-end Development?

Skills every Full Stack Developer needs

Conclusion

Do you want to become a basic Full Stack Developer? Or do you want to become a great Full Stack Developer? There is a fine line between the two. And that line is determined by the kind of skills you possess.

In today’s blog, we’re going to discuss the skills required for Full Stack Developers to succeed. But first let’s try to answer the most basic question – “what is a Full Stack Developer?”

What does a Full Stack Developer do?

In simple words, a Full Stack Developer is a person responsible for the Front-end, Back-end and/or Databases of a web application.

But what do these terms mean?

What is Front-end Development?

Also known as client side development, Front-end development focuses on the side of the application that users actually interact with. Front-end developers check the app for usability and ensure browser compatibility of the application or website. For example, if you’re working on a website, you’ll realise that simply having content is not enough. You need various additional sections, like “Contact us” or “Homepage”. A Front-end developer thinks all these things through.

What is Back-end development?

Back-end Development – you guessed it – is mostly behind the scenes. Back-end developers work with the server side of the application. They tie the databases, servers and applications into one well functioning unit. Back-end development provides the foundation for client-side development. Going back to the example of the website. In the “Contact us” section the Front-end developer has added a form for clients to fill. Then the Back-end developer’s job is to ensure that whatever information is added to the form, by the client, is actually getting stored on the company’s server.

A Full-stack developer is expected to juggle both front-end and back-end development of an application. They need to possess complete knowledge in multiple coding languages, frameworks, servers, networks and hosting environments.

A fresher with a diverse Full Stack developer skill set can not only work with the application, but can also consult and strategise on the end-product. To get a little more in depth, these are the activities that a knowledgeable Full Stack developer is likely to do on a daily basis:

• Assisting with software development and design 
• Software testing and bug fixing to keep it optimised 
• Writing clean code for the front and back end of the software 
• Designing user interfaces for the actual web application 
• Constructing servers and databases for the software’s back end 
• Improving and ensuring cross-platform compatibility 
• Application responsiveness testing and maintenance 
• Collaborating with graphic artists to create new features 
• Adapting to technical developments to improve their software
• Educating decision-makers on the benefits of developing technology 
• Taking into account security, upkeep, scalability, and other factors when building the application

Now that we know what makes a Full Stack developer, let’s understand what are a Full Stack developer’s skills?

What makes for great Full Stack Developer Skills?

As you can see, being a Full Stack developer is no walk in the park. It calls for a diverse set of Full Stack web developer skills ranging from User Perspective to Coding.

Some of the technical skills a Full Stack Developer must have include:

HTML and CSS

HTML stands for HyperText Mark-up Language and is used in client-side or the Front-end development by Full Stack developers. HTML is used to format text and visual elements on the application. On the other hand, CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is used to add style and design elements to the application. Let’s simplify this with an example. Let’s say you are tasked with designing the human body, then in that case HTML will tell the program where the hands will go, where the nose will go etc. And CSS will help style and beautify the whole body.

Javascript

Javascript is a text-based programming language that allows you to make your applications interactive. Due to its dynamic nature, it is used in both front-end as well as back-end development. One of the most common examples how Javascript can make static pages interactive, is the clickable search bar present on websites like Amazon. In Back-end development, Javascript is used for its various libraries and frameworks.

Git and GitHub

Famous among amateurs as well as seasoned Web developers, Git is used in Back-end development as a control system. Using this platform, developers can track coding changes and collaborate on one project with multiple developers. GitHub, is a cloud based platform where developers host their Git projects.

Back-end Languages

As a Full-stack developer you will be required to know a few Back-end languages like, Python, Java, PHP and Ruby. These languages craft the actual functionality of the application. The more languages you know, the more proficient you will be as a developer.

Web architecture

Web Architecture is the process of designing an architectural layout of how all the involved software will interact with one another. It helps us understand how all the different components in the network work together. And defines how the data will get transferred through HTTP, and that this is understood by the client and server side of the application.

Database Management Systems

For the smooth running of any application, there needs to be an even smoother Database Management System. As the name suggests, these manage Databases. A DBMS serves as an interface between data and the developer. It allows you to create, read, update and delete data stored in the databases.

Final Thoughts

Full Stack Development is a robust and exciting field that calls for a diverse range of skills. You have to quite literally do it all as a Full Stack developer, which is also what makes Full Stack developers irreplaceable to their organisations. It also explains why these highly skilled individuals are in so much demand!

Wondering how to be a Full Stack Developer? You can check out our Full Stack Development course. Designed for beginners, this course covers all the concepts and skills required to become a Full Stack developer. From HTML and CSS to Database Management and more! If you found this article helpful and were able to understand what a Full Stack developer’s skills are, drop us a comment!

In the last decade, Cyber crime has only increased with innumerous cyber attacks taking place every day on individuals and large corporations alike. Considering the digital age that we live in, it’s important to answer the question – What is Cyber Security and why does it matter?

In the simplest terms, Cyber Security is our internet’s very own army against the malicious cyber threats our systems are constantly subjected to. It is defined as any practice, technology, process or control that defends our electronic devices, programs, systems and networks and the data on these from cyber attacks.

Most people assume cyber attacks don’t affect them in any way, but that’s not true. Cyber crime affects everyone, and it is Cyber Security that is keeping our mobiles, laptops, softwares and networks free of hackers and other cyber criminals.

Why is Cyber Security Important?

Cyber Security safeguards all kinds of information from theft and misuse. This includes sensitive information, personal details of individuals, medical records, intellectual property along with highly confidential government and industry related data. There is nothing stopping cyber criminals from targeting you, so throw out the notion that cyber crime does not concern you or isn’t a big deal for an individual entity. Without any kind of precaution, your information or your company would be completely at the mercy of cyber threats and cyber attacks.

In fact, the need for Cyber Security has increased tenfold as traditional Cyber Security practices like antiviruses and firewalls are no longer effective in holding cyber threats at bay. Since cyber crime can catch you off guard at any point from anywhere, it is important to cover all bases and ensure the highest level of security is maintained for all confidential and sensitive information.

Evolution of Cyber Security

The evolution of Cyber Security has gone hand in hand with the rise of cyber crime. All the way from 1971, when the first virus called the ‘Creeper’ affected systems on Tenex (an operating system). The virus was relatively harmless and displayed the words “I’m the Creeper. Catch me if you can!” across the screens of the affected computers.

The Creeper led the world’s first antivirus to be made, effectively called the ‘Reaper’. The Reaper was a self-replicating version of the Creeper that moved through the net, deleting copies of the Creeper.

There have been innumerable cyber attacks and counter attacks since the 70’s, and we’ve come a long way from the relatively harmless Creeper. A few notable milestones in the history of Cyber Security have been:

• The inauguration of the Department of Homeland Security in 2002, by then U.S President George W Bush..
• The passing of the General Data Protection Regulation, in the EU (circa, 2018). This bill gave users more control over their personal data and mandated the protection of such data by the organisations.

In the recent years, Cyber Security specialists, in a bid to to prevent cyber attacks, are focusing their efforts in these two areas:

The Internet of Things (IoT)

Cytelligence recently reported that hackers are more likely to make use of individual mobile devices or IoT devices like Smart Home devices, Smart TV , etc. All it takes is getting access to one of these devices, for the hacker to then infiltrate all the devices connected on that common network. This leads the hacker to gain possession of sensitive data including the victims’ medical records, personal information and bank statements.

Exponential Amounts of Data

The surplus of data flowing through the world concerns Cyber Security specialist and former Secretary of Homeland Security, Michael Chertoff. He claims that storing large amounts of data, especially when the data is confidential, can be an entryway for hackers to take over entire databases, which is why continuous efforts have to be made to safeguard these systems.

Cyber crime has risen far beyond the harmless Creeper and become far more dangerous for the systems as well the users involved in the hack. In fact, cyber crime can now be categorised in several distinct categories, each one with different targets and remedies.

Types of Cyber Threats

We can grossly categorise the different types of cyber threats into these 7 sections:

1. Malware

   As the name suggests, Malware is a malicious software that gains access when a malicious link or attachment is clicked by the host. When activated by the user, the malware can:

   • Block access to the device or account unless certain conditions are met (like a ransome being paid)
   • Obtain confidential information directly from the hard drive (spyware)
   • Install harmful software without the permission of the host
   • Play havoc on individual components of the device, making the whole system unstable

2. Emotet

   Emotet was a banking trojan that evolved into one the most go-to malwares used to access the user’s private information including bank statements. At one point, it was known as the most costly malwares to affect the world. Emotet was usually transmitted via downloadable links in spam mails. Once the victim clicked the link, the malware would get installed directly.

3. Denial of services

   A DoS is a type of attack where the computer network is overwhelmed with requests, which eventually leads the targeted computer unable to accept requests. Hackers sometimes use a botnet, which is also known as ‘zombie systems’, that are used to affect millions of computers at the same time.

4. Man in the Middle

   Man in the Middle (MITM) refers to an attack where the hacker positions themselves in the middle of a conversation between the victim and the computer device. The hacker usually impersonates the system, making the user believe a normal exchange is taking place, and steals the personal information of the user.

5. Phishing

   Almost all of us have one way or the other fallen for a phishing scam. Phishing attacks usually make use of fake communication (fake emails, messages, phone calls) to deceive the users into carrying out certain instructions (submitting bank details, log in credentials for websites), leading them to access the personal information of the user.

6. SQL Injection

   SQL stands for Structured Query Language. An SQL injection is a type of cyber attack that infects servers using SQL with malicious code. Once infected the SQL server leaks out information.

7. Password Attacks

   Most systems are only one password away from being vulnerable to a host of attacks. Social Engineering is a type of attack where the perpetrator causes the victim to break standard protocol and reveal their passwords. In other cases, hackers directly hack into password databases and steal the information of millions of users in one swoop. Apart from this hackers just use plain ol’ guessing. Keep 1234 as a password and it’s just natural selection at this point 😜

   Cyber crime has definitely risen to unimaginable heights in the last decade. However, not all is lost. With the rise of crime, the amount of security has risen too. Let’s take a look at the types of Cyber Security in place that protects our systems from malicious attacks.

What are the three different types of Cyber Security?

Just like cyber crime, Cyber Security too can be broadly categorised into several sections. Let’s look at the 3 most prominent examples.

1. Database and Infrastructure security

   Database and Infrastructure security is usually implemented for a cyber physical system, which includes everything from computers to water purifying systems and even electrical grids. Since all the networks we use include a physical counterpart, it would make sense to safeguard these first.

2. Network Security

   Network Security is a set of rules, protocols and techniques made to protect the accessibility and confidentiality of data using both software and hardware technologies.

   There are 3 types of Network Security:

   • Physical Network Security

     stops unwanted access to the physical components part of the network (routers, cable cupboards, etc). Precautions like biometric scanners, physical locks, etc. are implemented as the first layer of security.

   • Technical Network Security

     takes care of all the data and information on the network as well as all the data getting transferred in and out of the network. TechSec makes use of various methods like network authentication management and IT security strategy.

   • Administrative Network Security

     controls user behaviour, including deciding what kind of authentication will be required from the user, the level of control each user has as well as how the IT staff implement changes.

3. Application Security

   Since the entirety of the Tech world is running on applications, it is critical that we safeguard these softwares from malevolent attacks. Application security uses software and hardware for protection against threats that may appear during the development stage of an application life cycle. Application Security makes use of measures like firewalls, antivirus programs, encryption, etc.

   There are many other types of Cyber Security measures taken (Cloud security, Information security, etc.) that you’ll learn about if you choose to become a Cyber Security specialist.

Careers in Cyber Security

With cyber crime at an all-time high, the demand for Cyber Security professionals has increased exponentially. And with the rising level of crimes also comes never-ending opportunities in this field. Some of the most in demand jobs for freshers in this field are:

• Cybersecurity Engineer
• Cybersecurity Analyst
• Network Engineer
• Cyber Security Consultant
• Cybersecurity Manager
• Systems Engineer
• Vulnerability Analyst
• Software Developer
• Cybersecurity Specialist
• Ethical Hacker

If any of the above roles interest you, you might be interested in checking out our Cyber Security course that will teach you everything like Security essentials, Cryptography, Application Security, Cloud Security, Cyberattacks and various other Security practices for businesses.

Key Takeaways

Cyber Security came into existence to protect our systems from data breaches and other cyber attacks. Even though cyber crime has evolved a lot over the years, Cyber Security specialists have come up with their own set of protocols to fight cybercrime and protect our Network and Data. The best part is that Cyber Security has steadily become an important field and is now being taken seriously by every industry, large or small, that works with any kind of IT infrastructure.

If you think we convinced you to join the fight against cyber crime and become a Cyber Security specialist, check out our course and don’t forget to drop us a comment 🙂

Programming and coding for beginners especially, seems like a daunting task for most, however it doesn’t have to be. Taking it slow and starting with any one of these top programming languages will definitely help you start your journey as a programmer smoothly. 

In this blog, we will cover several such languages you can start your IT career with. There are several considerations you must take into account before you start learning any programming language. 

You should consider what level you would like to start at and the difficulty of the language you choose. You must also consider why you are picking up a programming language. Are you looking to build Mobile Apps or develop software? Knowing your end goal is important before you make a choice.

But first, let’s understand the various programming languages out there.

What is a Programming Language?

A programming language is the way developers communicate with computers. In order to get a computer to perform a particular task or for it to control an external device, we need to communicate using machine language. 

To put it simply, a program is a set of rules written in a programming language, in order for a computer to execute a particular task.

What are the different levels of programming languages?

There are three main levels of programming languages. They are Machine Language, Assembly Language and High-level Language. 

Machine language is closer to what computers work with and is therefore easier for machines to understand. But these are not understood by human beings easily.

Assembly languages are slightly easier to understand by people. In assembly languages, computer language is converted into English commands and numbers. Before the Assembly code is executed however, it is converted back into machine language by an Assembler.

High-Level Languages are almost entirely based on English syntax and numbers. Most High-level languages are scripting languages. This means that they aren’t converted back into machine language right until the very last moment when the code has to be executed. These kinds of languages are much easier to understand for programmers and developers. Most high-level languages need compilers for their instructions to be converted into machine language.

Different types of Programming Languages

We can still further classify programming languages into:

• Object Oriented Programming Languages, or OOP, are taught and used by most programmers. OOP relies on the use of Objects and Classes. To put it simply, OOP runs on these reusable blueprints of code (Classes) that are used to make different objects that mimic the real world. Examples of Object Oriented Programming Languages would include Java, Javascript, C, C++ and Python.

• Logic Programming Languages are based completely on facts and rules. To compute logic, there must be a base of facts and knowledge. This base is known as Predicates. These predicates are used to create queries. Most Logic Programming Languages are based on queries which are further based on facts. For example, this is what Logic Programming looks like – F is true if D1, B2, and E3 are true. 

• Procedural Languages follow a set of orders or commands chronologically. They make use of functions, conditional statements, and variables to build programs that the computer uses to calculate and display the wanted outcome. Some Examples include Pascal and FORTRAN. 

• Functional programming binds everything together with pure mathematical functions. They are designed in a way that can handle complex symbolic computations. Some famous examples of functional programming include – Lisp, Python and Haskell.

• Scripting Languages, use a high-level construct and they interpret and execute one command at a time. These languages are easy to understand and execute for programmers. Some examples include C and C++.

Now that you have an idea of the different kinds of coding languages, it brings us back to the original question, what coding languages should beginners learn?

We have listed our top picks for you!

Coding and Programming Language for Beginners 

Python

Python is a free, open-source programming language that has extensive support modules. It is easy to integrate with web services, making it popular for machine learning and deep learning.

Python for beginners especially is the easiest to pick up and is one the most popular programming languages out there today. It is based entirely on English syntax. Instead of having to start with complicated syntax rules, you can directly start learning Python because it reads like English itself. So you get coding experience, without having to worry about small rules that are important in other languages.

Python is also majorly in demand! Since it can be used for web development, graphic user interfaces (GUIs) and software development, recruiters are always on the lookout for Python programmers.

And for good reason too – Python was used to build Instagram, Youtube and Spotify.

Java

Java is an object-oriented programming language that is widely used for almost all types of software development and web applications. It is a high-level language making it easy to understand. 

The defining principle of Java is “written once run anywhere”, meaning that, once written, it can be executed on any device and can work across platforms. This is why Java programming is a very important skill, highly coveted by recruiters. 

Apart from this, Java programming was used to build the foundation for the Android operating system. It is also used in software development for iOS. Java is also used in the back-end development for Amazon, Google and Twitter.

A major pro about learning Java is its large online community, you can always receive help if you ever have any queries.

However, it is important to note that Java programming for beginners is slightly more difficult to grasp, compared to Python.

C++ & C Programming for Beginners

C was the first programming language that all other programming languages were based on, making learning C programming almost fundamental. Once you learn C programming, you can easily pick up any other programming language. C and C++ were one of the most popular languages back in the day. C has a flexible and efficient memory management system, making it ideal to build the UNIX operating system. 

If you learn C programming, it will become very easy for you to pick up C++ as well. C++ was built as a more advanced version of C as a system programming language. Both languages are used extensively in Computer Science and programming. 

A key difference between C and C++ is that C is a procedural language whereas C++ is an object oriented programming language.

Both C and C++ are regarded as high-performance languages. They are used extensively in places where developers want to target the performance of a certain program.

This is why most video games and intensive applications like Adobe and Mozilla Firefox, make use of C or C++.

How to learn coding online?

Now that you know about the various programming languages, let’s get to work. How can you learn the programming language of your choice?

Back in the day, lack of options and facilities usually meant that people had to opt for Computer Science classes and invest a lot of money to learn programming. However, that isn’t the case anymore. 

Now with the advent and advancement of computers, we can easily learn coding online. Through online tutorials, study materials and other available resources. In fact, you don’t even need to search that far when it comes to the most popular programming languages. 

upGrad Campus has a course made especially for you! Watch out for our Essentials of Programming course which explains in-depth concepts for C, C++, Java, Python and Data Structures. You get to practice these with hands-on examples and apply the learnings to real-world problems.

We hope this article aided you in your decision about which programming languages to learn first. 

If you have any questions, feel free to leave them in the comments section below.

There has been a buzz of a revolution going around the tech industry for quite some time now. It started a minute after the advent of the cryptocurrency and only recently has it started 

to gain traction in the lives of those out of the tech sphere as well. 

Yes, we’re talking about the development of Web 3.0. 

If you’re new to this piece of information and are confused as to why a new web is being invented then keep reading because today we’ll discuss why the Web 2.0 you and love may become a thing of the past and what we can expect from the new era of the internet.

Before we get ahead of ourselves though, let’s understand Web 1.0 and Web 2.0.

Web 1.0

Let’s take a trip down memory lane, shall we? (although, considering how long the internet has been around, for most of you this will be more of a history lesson than a flashback).

Web 1.0 as the name suggests is the first variation of the internet. It was also the most basic version of the internet. The boon with Web 1.0 was the fact that it was open source, which we’ll circle back to in a minute.

Web 1.0 was like a newspaper. Except newspapers could have images. But like newspapers,  the communication here was one way. People could only view the content, but had no opportunity to interact with it. At best, they could click on hyperlinks and go to other pages, or submit forms and surveys.

And the primary contributors of content at Web 1.0 were coders since the only way to put up content was to learn technical skills like HTML and then publish. Consumers had to read whatever was presented to them as they couldn’t interact with the source in any way. Web 2.0 revolutionised that.

Web 2.0

Web 2.0 – or the version that might soon go out of fashion –  is the version we all currently use and consume. Web 2.0 was revolutionary at the time because it made use of multimedia, like pictures, videos, text, etc. to make the user experience more dynamic.

Web 2.0 introduced the world to blogs, Wikis, video sharing platforms like Youtube, microblogging sites like Twitter, and finally the pinnacle of that decade – social networking sites like – you guessed it – Facebook.

The key difference between the first two versions of the web is that Web 2.0 relied on users creating, sharing and themselves consuming that content. It would fall upon the tech giants, like Facebook, Google and Amazon, to provide a platform to make that possible. And this trend has persisted to date. Even today, 85% of content created and shared online is made by the users of those platforms. For example, all the reels and video content on Instagram aren’t made by Instagram itself. We, the users, make those and we are also the people that consume all that content made.

Another great feature of Web 2.0 is the birth of search engines – where users could type in relevant keywords and search for their desired results on the Search Engine Results Page. The only issue – which still exists by the way – is that the results aren’t always accurate. For example, if I were to type “apple” into Google’s search bar, the SERP would show me results for Apple inc. the company and not apple the fruit. In order to get results for the fruit, you would have to type Apple the fruit. We have to be extremely specific about what we type into the search bar to get the desired results.

Web 2.0 had a lot of other innovations too under its belt. From software development to social media, Web 2.0 has been the backbone of plenty of innovations. Then why the sudden call for change? 

Why a web 3.0

The main reason people want a new internet is – ownership. 

In the current version that is Web 2.0, you must have noticed that there is a monopoly. The majority of the internet is owned by certain companies only. For example, Google controls 87% of the global search market. And Facebook recently reached 3.6 billion users. While this is an incredible feat for these individual companies, it is preventing other companies from thriving and it is stopping new start-ups from blooming. This is because all the new startups are forced to build their products on the monopolists’ platform, where the protocols are not defined in the beginning and they can change at any point, sometimes without reason. 

For example, you might remember a particular Instagram ad campaign from messaging app Signal that was meant to show the reality of how your information is sold to advertisers. The ad was filled with hyper-specific keywords that would be used to target certain groups of people. Well, that didn’t go over too well with Facebook. The campaign was blocked before it went live and Signal was banned from Facebook ads altogether. Businesses that try to get on these monopoly platforms often take this issue. They cannot afford to get out of the platform. And the platform rules change, sometimes without any transparency and at a great cost to the business owners.

But ownership is not the only reason for the need for Web 3.0. Another factor has been privacy.

Web 3.0 and Data Privacy

Data privacy has become a huge issue in the last decade. The data we put out on the internet is not ours anymore. It is taken and sold to businesses. Usually, it is targeted advertising, which seems harmless by itself, but there are far more dangerous things that can be done with our data – that aren’t completely illegal.

Preferences of users are heavily used not to simply market things to them, but also to shape public opinion. A classic example of this was the US presidential elections scandal in which user data was used for micro-targeting to sway people’s votes. 

When other information, like users’ location, their health-related information and financial data get in the wrong hands, privacy and security become every individual’s concerns. Data and privacy has become such a big deal that Apple launched a new privacy feature with iOS 15.5 that masks their users’ IP address so that it can’t be linked with their activity on the web. This small feature alone is set to cost Facebook 10 Billion dollars in damages.  

Not just that. When we use Big Tech platforms, our data is continuously collected and stored in the company’s central storage systems. Since our data is now controlled by these companies, we have no way to secure our data. It can be hacked from these centralised systems at any point. And it has happened multiple times in the past as well.

Conclusion

So there you have it – all the reasons why people want to change the old ways and switch to Web 3.0. But this is easier said than done. 

Like any other technology, Web 3.0 faces its own set of challenges, and without the proper I.T infrastructure to back it, it might as well be a pipe dream. But hopefully, in trying to build a new internet, we’ll find a lot more advancements along the way. 

What are your thoughts on Web 3.0? Let us know in the comments below.